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Sreekumaran, P.
- Assessment of Cardiovascular Functional Capacity and Response to Exercise in Normotensive Offsprings of Hypertensive Parents
Authors
1 Shree Swaminarayan Physiotherapy College, Surat, Kadodara Char Rasta, NH No 8 & 6, Gujarat, IN
2 Dept of Physiology K S Hegde Medical Academy, Medical College campus, NITTE University Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, IN
3 Dept of Physiology K S Hegde Medical Academy, IN
4 Dept of Physiology, K.S Hegde Medical Academy, IN
5 College of Physiotherapy, Medical Trust Institute of Medical Sciences, Cochin, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy-An International Journal, Vol 7, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 186-190Abstract
Study compared the cardiovascular functional capacity as well as the heart rate (HR) and blood pressure responses to a 6 minute walk test (6MWT) between normotensive offsprings of normotensive parents (NTP) and hypertensive parents (HTP). 60 subjects within the age group of 18 to 25 years were studied. Basal Heart Rate (BHR), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) were noted before the 6MWT. After performing 6MWT, the peak HR, SBP, DBP and the recovery pattern of these parameters and distance covered were recorded. The study revealed that resting DBP was significantly higher in the offspring of hypertensive parents. There was decreased DBP response to exercise in the offspring of the hypertensive parents. However, the cardiovascular functional capacity as measured by the distance covered during the 6MWT did not differ between the two study groups. The study concludes that there is an early trend in higher blood pressure in the offspring of hypertensive parents. Offsprings of hypertensive parents also exhibit an abnormal pattern of HR and BP recovery from the exercise.Keywords
Heart Rate, Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, 6MWTReferences
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- Geller DS.A genetic predisposition to Hypertension. Hypertension 2004; 44: 27-28.
- Blonde CV, Webber LS, Foster TA, Berenson GS. Parental history and cardiovascular disease risk factor variables in children. Prev Med; 1981, 10: 25-37.
- Burke E, Cecil J Hypertension- A Practice Nurse Protocol. Practitioner 1991; 235: 651-655.
- Matthews CE, Pate RR, Jackson KL, Ward DS, Macera CA, Kohl HW, Blair SN. Exaggerated blood pressure response to dynamic exercise and risk of future Hypertension. J Clin Epidemiol. 1998; 51: 29-35
- Parmer RJ, Cervenka JH, Stone RA .Baroreflex Sensitivity and Heredity in essential Hypertension. Circulation 1992; 85: 497-503.
- Weihang Bao, Sathanur R, Srinivasan, Wendy A, Wattigney, Gerald S, Berenson. The relation of parental cardiovascular disease to risk factors in children and young adults. circu.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstracts/ 91/2/365.
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- Monolino TA, Burke GL, Savage PJ, Sidney S, Gardin JM, Oberman A. Exercise Blood Pressure response and 5 year risk of elevated blood pressure in a cohort of young adults: the CARDIA study . Am J Hypertension 1994; 7:234-41.
- A Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Ultrasound Therapy and Low Level Laser Therapy in the Management of Second Stage Pressure Sores
Authors
1 KLEU Institute of Physiotherapy Belgaum, IN
2 Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, IN
3 Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, Mangalore, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy-An International Journal, Vol 6, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 9-12Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Ultrasound and Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on second stage pressure sores so as to be able to deliver better therapy for pressure sore patients on wound healing.
Methods
Forty subjects were taken for the study along with the routine medical management. 20 subjects receive the pulsed ultrasound therapy three times a week for four weeks with frequency of 3 MHz, and intensity of 0.5W/cm2 to 0.8 W/cm2, for five min with direct technique using hydrogel sheet. Another 20 subjects received the LLLT. The laser emission device used was Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) (904 nm) laser. It was made of a semiconductor infrared radiation source. The non contact method of application was used with 0.5 to 4.0 J/cm2 for 2 min for three times a week for 4 weeks. The wounds were traced before starting the treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment, on transparent paper and wound area was calculated with digitizer (AutoCAD software).
Results
The results showed a significant (p = 0.001) decrease in pressure sore surface area in both ultrasound and laser group. When both the groups were compared, the laser therapy is found to be more beneficial than the ultrasound therapy (p=0.046).
Conclusion
Both ultrasound and laser can be used in the management of pressure sores. However in the present study it is seen that LLLT is more beneficial than the ultrasound therapy in the management of pressure sores.
Keywords
Ultrasound Therapy, Low Level Laser Therapy, Pressure Sores, Wound Healing, Physical TherapyReferences
- T. Mcdiarmid, P N Burns, G T Lewith, D Machin. Ultrasound and the treatment of pressure sores. Physiotherapy Feb 1985; Vol 71(2): pp. 66-70.
- Huseyin Demir, Solmaz Yaray, Mehmet Kirnap, Kadir Yaray. Comparison of the effects of laser and ultrasound treatment on experimental wound healing in rats. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. September/ October 2004. Vol 41. Number 5, pp 721-728.
- C.R.W. Edwards, I.A.D. Bouchier, C. Haslett, E.R. Chilvers. Davidson’s Principles and Practice of medicine. 17th ed. Edinburg London Churchill Livingstone. 1996.
- Sylvia Fernandez. Physiotherapy prevention and treatment of pressure sores. Physiotherapy Sep 1987; Vol 73(9): pp. 450-454.
- Glenn Irion. Comprehensive Wound Management. United States of America: SLACK Incorporated. 2001
- Prem P.Gogia. Clinical wound management. United states of America; Edition 1 Slack incorporated 1995.
- Mary Dyson, J.B. Pond. The effect of Pulsed Ultrasound on tissue Regeneration. Physiotherapy 56 (4): 136-142.
- Barbara J, Behrens Susan L, Michloritz. Physical agents Theory and Practice for the Physical Therapist assistant: United States of America; FA Davis Company Philadelphia; 1996.
- Alain-Yvan Belanger. Efficiency-Based Guide to Therapeutic Physical Agents. United States of America: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2001.
- FlemmingK, Cullum N. Therapeutic ultrasound for venous leg ulcers (Cochrane Review) In: The Cochrane Library,
- issue 1, 2004 Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. 11. John Low and Ann Reed. Electrotherapy Explained. Principles and Practice. 3rd ed. Printed and bound in India by Replica Press Pvt Ltd Delhi. Butter worth Heinemann 2000.
- Sheila Kitchen and Sarah Bazen, Clayton’s Electrotherapy. 10E London, W. B, Sunders Company Ltd 1996.
- Robert L Ashford, Kathleen M Lagan, David G. Baxter. The effectiveness of combined phototherapy/ low intensity laser therapy is effective on neuropathic foot ulcer. British journal of therapy and rehabilitation 1995 April; 2(4): 195-198.
- www.thorlaser.com
- Richard W Bohannon and Barbara A, Pfaller. Documentation of wound surface area from tracings of wound perimeters. Physical therapy, 1983 Oct; 63: 1622 – 1624.
- Cheryl Majeske. Reliability of wound surface area measurement. Physical Therapy 1992 Nov/Feb; 72: 138- 141.
- Lagan KM, Dusoir AE, McDonough SM, Baxter GD. Wound measurement; the comparative reliability of direct versus photographic tracings analyzed by Planimetry versus digitizing techniques. Arch Phy Med Rehabil 2000; 81: 1110-6.
- Ethne L Nussbaum, Irene Biemann Betsy Mustard. Comparison of ultrasound/ultraviolet –C and laser for treatment of pressure ulcers in patients with spinal cord injury. Physical Therapy/Volume 74, number 9 September 1994. pp.812-822
- Aymann Nassif Pereira, Carlos de paula Eduardo, Edmir Matson, Marcia Martins Marques. Effect of low power laser radiation on cell growth and procollagen synthesis of cultured fibroblast. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 2002; 31: 263-267.
- Schubert V. Effect of phototherapy on pressure ulcers healing in elderly patients after a falling trauma. A prospective randomized, controlled study. Photodermatol photoimmunol Photomed. 2001 Feb; 17(1): 32-8.
- A Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Ultrasound Therapy and Low Level Laser Therapy in the Management of Second Stage Pressure Sores
Authors
1 KLEU Institute of Physiotherapy Belgaum, IN
2 Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, IN
3 Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, Mangalore, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy-An International Journal, Vol 6, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 11-14Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Ultrasound and Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on second stage pressure sores so as to be able to deliver better therapy for pressure sore patients on wound healing.
Methods
Forty subjects were taken for the study along with the routine medical management. 20 subjects receive the pulsed ultrasound therapy three times a week for four weeks with frequency of 3 MHz, and intensity of 0.5W/cm2 to 0.8 W/cm2, for five min with direct technique using hydrogel sheet. Another 20 subjects received the LLLT. The laser emission device used was Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) (904 nm) laser. It was made of a semiconductor infrared radiation source. The non contact method of application was used with 0.5 to 4.0 J/cm2 for 2 min for three times a week for 4 weeks. The wounds were traced before starting the treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment, on transparent paper and wound area was calculated with digitizer (AutoCAD software).
Results
The results showed a significant (p = 0.001) decrease in pressure sore surface area in both ultrasound and laser group. When both the groups were compared, the laser therapy is found to be more beneficial than the ultrasound therapy (p=0.046).
Conclusion
Both ultrasound and laser can be used in the management of pressure sores. However in the present study it is seen that LLLT is more beneficial than the ultrasound therapy in the management of pressure sores.
Keywords
Ultrasound Therapy, Low Level Laser Therapy, Pressure Sores, Wound Healing, Physical TherapyReferences
- T. Mcdiarmid, P N Burns, G T Lewith, D Machin. Ultrasound and the treatment of pressure sores. Physiotherapy Feb 1985; Vol 71(2): pp. 66-70.
- Huseyin Demir, Solmaz Yaray, Mehmet Kirnap, Kadir Yaray. Comparison of the effects of laser and ultrasound treatment on experimental wound healing in rats. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. September/ October 2004. Vol 41. Number 5, pp 721-728.
- C.R.W. Edwards, I.A.D. Bouchier, C. Haslett, E.R. Chilvers. Davidson’s Principles and Practice of medicine. 17th ed. Edinburg London Churchill Livingstone. 1996.
- Sylvia Fernandez. Physiotherapy prevention and treatment of pressure sores. Physiotherapy Sep 1987; Vol 73(9): pp. 450-454.
- Glenn Irion. Comprehensive Wound Management. United States of America: SLACK Incorporated. 2001
- Prem P.Gogia. Clinical wound management. United states of America; Edition 1 Slack incorporated 1995.
- Mary Dyson, J.B. Pond. The effect of Pulsed Ultrasound on tissue Regeneration. Physiotherapy 56 (4): 136-142.
- Barbara J, Behrens Susan L, Michloritz. Physical agents Theory and Practice for the Physical Therapist assistant: United States of America; FA Davis Company Philadelphia; 1996.
- Alain-Yvan Belanger. Efficiency-Based Guide to Therapeutic Physical Agents. United States of America: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2001.
- FlemmingK, Cullum N. Therapeutic ultrasound for venous leg ulcers (Cochrane Review) In: The Cochrane Library, issue 1, 2004 Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
- John Low and Ann Reed. Electrotherapy Explained. Principles and Practice. 3rd ed. Printed and bound in India by Replica Press Pvt Ltd Delhi. Butter worth Heinemann 2000.
- Sheila Kitchen and Sarah Bazen, Clayton’s Electrotherapy. 10E London, W. B, Sunders Company Ltd 1996.
- Robert L Ashford, Kathleen M Lagan, David G. Baxter. The effectiveness of combined phototherapy/ low intensity laser therapy is effective on neuropathic foot ulcer. British journal of therapy and rehabilitation 1995 April; 2(4): 195-198.
- www.thorlaser.com
- Richard W Bohannon and Barbara A, Pfaller. Documentation of wound surface area from tracings of wound perimeters. Physical therapy, 1983 Oct; 63: 1622 – 1624. 16. Cheryl Majeske. Reliability of wound surface area measurement. Physical Therapy 1992 Nov/Feb; 72: 138- 141.
- Lagan KM, Dusoir AE, McDonough SM, Baxter GD. Wound measurement; the comparative reliability of direct versus photographic tracings analyzed by Planimetry versus digitizing techniques. Arch Phy Med Rehabil 2000; 81: 1110-6.
- Ethne L Nussbaum, Irene Biemann Betsy Mustard. Comparison of ultrasound/ultraviolet –C and laser for treatment of pressure ulcers in patients with spinal cord injury. Physical Therapy/Volume 74, number 9 September 1994. pp.812-822
- Aymann Nassif Pereira, Carlos de paula Eduardo, Edmir Matson, Marcia Martins Marques. Effect of low power laser radiation on cell growth and procollagen synthesis of cultured fibroblast. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 2002; 31: 263-267.
- Schubert V. Effect of phototherapy on pressure ulcers healing in elderly patients after a falling trauma. A prospective randomized, controlled study. Photodermatol photoimmunol Photomed. 2001 Feb; 17(1): 32-8.